{"id":4654,"date":"2021-08-31T19:33:12","date_gmt":"2021-08-31T19:33:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/?page_id=4654"},"modified":"2023-02-20T20:06:25","modified_gmt":"2023-02-20T20:06:25","slug":"lab-3-online-make-up-module","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/laboratory-units\/lab-3-online-make-up-module\/","title":{"rendered":"Lab 3 &#8211; Online MUM"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Speciation: An Evolutionary Process &#8211; <span style=\"font-size: 18pt;color: #0000ff\">Make Up Module&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-284\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/03\/africanized-honeybee.jpg\" alt=\"Africanized honeybee\" width=\"470\" height=\"362\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/03\/africanized-honeybee.jpg 470w, https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/03\/africanized-honeybee-300x231.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 470px) 100vw, 470px\" \/><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Speciation &#8211; The evolutionary process in which new biological species arise.&nbsp;<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"68\" height=\"77\" class=\"wp-image-2964 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/06\/bee_icon-300x273.jpg\" alt=\"bee icon\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\">PRE-LAB<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-font-size is-style-outline has-small-font-size is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-vivid-red-background-color has-text-color has-background\" href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/09\/Updated_Lab3_PreLab_handout.docx\" style=\"border-radius:10px\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click to Get Pre-Lab Assignment<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Read the lab unit, pp. 33-40. NOTE: Activity 1 &#8211; Procedure I (p. 36-37) will be done during the In-Lab meeting, but please read the whole unit ahead of lab.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">General Background Information <\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">View the <a href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/09\/African_Bees_for_Bee_Keepers_UPDATED.pptx.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hybridization of Honeybees Presentation<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Activity 1 &#8211; Procedure II: Micropippetting and gel electrophoresis <\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">View the following video and animation (make sure to review the lab manual, pp. 38-40):<br><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dnalc.cshl.edu\/resources\/animations\/gelelectrophoresis.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gel Electrophoresis &#8211; animation<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=2gfl8IbspWQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Instructions for loading an agarose gel<\/a> &#8211; video (mixing the same is not as important with our samples)<br><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Speciation &#8211; View the following:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a style=\"background-color: #ffffff\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.genetics.utah.edu\/content\/evolution\/species\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">What is a Species?<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a style=\"background-color: #ffffff\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.genetics.utah.edu\/content\/evolution\/bears\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bears, Species, and DNA<\/a> <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/science-environment-37311716\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Giraffe Genetic Secrets: Four Species of Tallest Mammal Identified<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong>NOTE:<\/strong> Be prepared to have the metric ruler (cm\/mm) from the back of your lab manual and a laptop\/tablet screen that is at least 12 inches wide (~30.5 cm) for the In-Lab meeting (see below)<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">The Roles of different bees<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1008\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/03\/beecastes.jpg\" alt=\"Bee Caste Chart\" class=\"wp-image-369\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/03\/beecastes.jpg 1008w, https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/03\/beecastes-300x161.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/03\/beecastes-768x411.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1008px) 100vw, 1008px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"68\" height=\"77\" class=\"wp-image-2964 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/06\/bee_icon-300x273.jpg\" alt=\"bee icon\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#000000\" class=\"tadv-color\">IN-LAB<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Morphological Characteristics &#8211; Activity 1 &#8211; Procedure-I: (p. 36-37)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong>Download<\/strong> your assigned &#8220;Group&#8221; PDF file (see below) that includes 36 Bee wing pictures. It is important that you are using a laptop\/tablet screen that is least 12&#8243; inches wide (~30.5 cm).&nbsp; This is important so that you can see and measure the enlarge whole bee wings <strong>viewed in actual size 100% size<\/strong>.<\/span> <p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><strong>Bee Wing Pictures<\/strong><\/span><\/p> <table style=\"width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse;border-style: solid\"> <tbody> <tr> <td style=\"width: 16.6667%;border-style: solid;text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/05\/Table-1-Bee-wings.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Hive 1 &#8211; Group 1<\/a><\/span><\/td> <td style=\"width: 16.6667%;border-style: solid;text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/05\/Table-2-Bee-wings.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Hive 1 &#8211; Group 2<\/a><\/span><\/td> <td style=\"width: 16.6667%;border-style: solid;text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/05\/Table-3-Bee-wings.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Hive 2 &#8211; Group 3<\/a><\/span><\/td> <td style=\"width: 16.6667%;border-style: solid;text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/05\/Table-4-Bee-wings.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Hive 2 &#8211; Group 4<\/a><\/span><\/td> <td style=\"width: 16.6667%;border-style: solid;text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/05\/Table-5-Bee-Wings.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Hive 3 &#8211; Group 5<\/a><\/span><\/td> <td style=\"width: 16.6667%;border-style: solid;text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/05\/Table-6-Bee-Wings.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Hive 3 &#8211; Group 6<\/a><\/span><\/td> <\/tr> <\/tbody> <\/table> <p>&nbsp;<\/p> <\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong>VERY IMPORTANT<\/strong> &#8211;&gt; Open the file and download it to your computer. Check under &#8220;View&#8221; in the PDF menu to make sure that you are viewing at &#8220;Actual Size&#8221; or &#8220;100%&#8221;.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Use the clear metric ruler (cm\/mm) included in the back of your lab manual.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Study the wing diagram to see how to position the ruler <strong>parallel<\/strong> to the wing length to determine the length from the notch near the joint to the longest point on the flattened wing.&nbsp; <strong>Do not<\/strong> <strong>angle<\/strong> the ruler to connect the notch to the longest part of the wing. You may need to rotate some of the images for ease of measuring.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/ncsu.hosted.panopto.com\/Panopto\/Pages\/Viewer.aspx?id=557498cf-6658-4b58-b785-acb600a7b48c\" target=\"_blank\">View this Video<\/a> on how to measure the bee wing images.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong>You will need to <em>CALIBRATE<\/em> the image on your computer screen<\/strong> to be the same size as your other group members.&nbsp; Using the wing diagram on the first page of wing pictures, measure the length of the horizontal line with arrows.&nbsp; Compare your measurement with all your group members.&nbsp; If the size of the line is not the same, you will need to adjust the size of the image to match one another.&nbsp; Your standard size should be somewhere between 16.0-17.5 cm.&nbsp; Choose a measurement you can all agree upon (ex. 16.5 cm).<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">As a group, divide the wings to measure evenly between each student in your group.&nbsp; If you have 4 group members, each person should measure 9 different wings. If you are working alone, you will need to measure all 36 bee wings.&nbsp; &nbsp;There are 12 Known African wings, 12 Known European wings, and 12 Unknown Wings. You will be comparing the length of unknown wings to the other two groups of known bees.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Record your group data and calculate the average wing lengths on page 37, Table 3-2 in your lab manual.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Graph the data. Use the Bee Wing Length Graphing Google Sheet in your Group folder.&nbsp; If you are working alone, you can use this      <a href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2022\/09\/Downloadable_Lab3_wingsgraphRESETtemplateF22.xls\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Downloadable <\/a><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2022\/09\/Downloadable_Lab3_wingsgraphRESETtemplateF22.xls\" target=\"_blank\">Excel Spreadsheet<\/a>.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/ncsu.hosted.panopto.com\/Panopto\/Pages\/Viewer.aspx?id=28512997-14ca-4ab5-8c86-ae7a00eff722\" target=\"_blank\">Video<\/a> on entering data in the Graphing Excel (or Google) Sheet.&nbsp; The video refers to using an Excel template, but we found the transfer of the Excel sheet to work on in Google sheets does not keep all the settings in our template.&nbsp; Entering the data in the the provided Google Sheet template is the same.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Molecular Characteristics: (p. 38-41)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">In lab you would have run DNA Electrophoresis using samples of mtDNA from bees found in your assigned hive.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><strong>Equipment:<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/05\/DNA-Unit-e1590465732367.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2149\" width=\"372\" height=\"353\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/05\/Micropipette_in_action.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2150\" width=\"284\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/05\/Micropipette_in_action.jpg 440w, https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/05\/Micropipette_in_action-235x300.jpg 235w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 284px) 100vw, 284px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><strong>The Electrophoretic Process<\/strong> &#8211; You should have viewed the electrophoresis simulation as part of your pre-lab.<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><strong>Resulting stained electrophoretic gel images<\/strong> <span style=\"color: #ff00ff\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2021\/01\/Labeled-Bee-Gel-1-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Hive 1 (Groups 1 &amp; 2)<\/span><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2021\/01\/Labeled-Bee-Gel-3-4.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Hive 2 (Groups 3 &amp; 4)<\/span><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2021\/01\/Labeled-Bee-Gel-5-6.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Hive 3 (Groups 5 &amp; 6)<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Compare your morphological data with the corresponding mtDNA analysis.<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">As a group, be prepared to present your findings to the class.&nbsp; What can you conclude about the bees in your hive?&nbsp; Explain your supporting evidence.&nbsp; What course of action do you suggest to the Beekeeper of this hive?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">What economic implications are at stake making appropriate hive management so important?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;font-size: 12pt\"><strong><em>(Before leaving Lab \u2013 your TA will review the methods for random sampling and measuring leaf surface area for Lab Unit 4.1 fieldwork due in the next Pre-Lab.&nbsp;&nbsp;Fieldwork is required for this activity)<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"68\" height=\"77\" class=\"wp-image-2964 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/06\/bee_icon-300x273.jpg\" alt=\"bee icon\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#000000\" class=\"tadv-color\">POST-LAB<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Take a screen shot of your graph and gel (from above) &#8211; include your group explanation of what this means and what your advise would be to the bee keeper in a Word doc.&nbsp; Submit this in Moodle (group work &#8211; one submission per group).<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Answer the questions #1-9 on pages 43-46 (group work &#8211; one submission per group).<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Need to start on Lab 4 Leaf Herbivory Field Data Collection\/PRE-LAB assignment (see assignment box below). This requires outdoor fieldwork and data collection that you will bring to the next IN-LAB class. (<span style=\"color: #000000\">Individual work)<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Bee Background Information:<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncagr.gov\/plantindustry\/plant\/apiary\/ncbee.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Responding to the Introduction of Africanized Honey Bees (AHB)<\/a><br><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entomology.ces.ncsu.edu\/2020\/04\/host-shifts-and-honey-bees-lessons-from-covid-19\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Host-Shifts &amp; Honey Bees: Lessons from COVID-19<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/content.ces.ncsu.edu\/africanized-honey-bees-some-questions-and-answers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Africanized Honey Bees Some Questions and Answers (NC State Extension)<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a style=\"background-color: #ffffff\" href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/03\/Schneider_et_al_20062.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The African Honey Bee \u2013 3 papers<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a style=\"background-color: #ffffff\" href=\"http:\/\/entnemdept.ufl.edu\/creatures\/misc\/bees\/ahb.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Africanized Bees in Florida<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"408\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/02\/beeIllustrate1.gif\" alt=\"Identification of Bees and Wasps\" class=\"wp-image-190\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Speciation Information:<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a style=\"font-size: 12pt;background-color: #ffffff\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.genetics.utah.edu\/content\/evolution\/species\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">What is a Species?<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/learn.genetics.utah.edu\/content\/evolution\/bears\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bears, Species and DNA<\/a>&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/science-environment-37311716\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Giraffe Genetic Secrets: Four Species of Tallest Mammal Identified<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Electrophoresis Information<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.labxchange.org\/library\/pathway\/lx-pathway:33b08759-5d13-4128-8867-68428a8d1081\/items\/lx-pb:33b08759-5d13-4128-8867-68428a8d1081:lx_simulation:644d8922\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gel Electrophoresis Simulation<\/a><br><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a href=\"http:\/\/dnalc.org\/resources\/animations\/gelelectrophoresis.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">How DNA Electrophoresis works<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Speciation: An Evolutionary Process &#8211; Make Up Module&nbsp; Speciation &#8211; The evolutionary process in which new biological species arise.&nbsp; PRE-LAB Read the lab unit, pp. 33-40. NOTE: Activity 1 &#8211; Procedure I (p. 36-37) will be done during the In-Lab meeting, but please read the whole unit ahead of lab.&nbsp; General Background Information View the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":363,"featured_media":0,"parent":52,"menu_order":41,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/page-full-width.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4654","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4654","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/363"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4654"}],"version-history":[{"count":29,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4654\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6576,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4654\/revisions\/6576"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/52"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-projects.wolfware.ncsu.edu\/bio-181l-zchxzbn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4654"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}